![]() ![]() On Defense Minister Amir Peretz declared an SSHF in areas of southern Israel struck by rocket attacks from Gaza. The decision is valid for 48 hours, and must then be ratified by the government. The special situation on the home front (SSHF) is a legal mechanism allowing the Defense Ministry, through the Home Front Command, to issue binding regulations for the civilian population in the specified area. On 27 December 2008, at the start of the 2008-2009 Israel-Gaza conflict, Industry, Trade and Labor Minister Eli Yishai signed an EE order applying to the local authorities in the vicinity of the Gaza Strip, Sderot, Netivot and Ashkelon. An Emergency Economy order allows the recruitment of workers for essential private and public services, such as emergency services, medicine, local authorities, food and equipment supply, communications, etc. The Emergency Economy ( meshek l'sheat heyrum or "Melah" for short) is a body whose function is to assure continued activity of vital enterprises during an emergency. īetween 6–10 April 2008, the National Emergency Authority conducted the largest emergency exercise in the country's history. The National Emergency Authority ( Reshut Heyrum Le'umit or "Rachel" for short) was created in September 2007 and charged with coordinating military and civilian action during a state of emergency, war or natural disaster. It is currently headed by Aluf Yair Golan. Ever since its creation, there have been great efforts undertaken to turn the Home Front Command into a civilian body, but thus far, all of these have failed. After the first Persian Gulf War, these organizations were unified and the Home Front Command was created. During that time, the three regional commands had their own home front commands. Until the establishment of the Command, responsibility for the home front fell under the Civilian Defense’s Chief Officer Corps Command and under Regional Defense. The Israeli Home Front Command was created in February 1992 following the Gulf War. The law also establishes the civil defense service, mandates the construction and upkeep of shelters in homes, residential buildings and factories, allows the state to make use of private equipment and humanpower for emergency situations, defines a civil state of alert and lays down rules regarding the use of hazardous materials. The law requires shelters to be built in all homes, residential and industrial buildings. The 1951 civil defense law, revised several times since then, legislates matters pertaining to civil defense. ![]() Institutions and legal frameworks 1951 civil defense law Perceived threats that have not materialized to date include sustained interruption of the economy, nuclear attack from Iran, and chemical or biological attack from Iraq or elsewhere. Threats have originated in all countries and territories bordering Israel (the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan and Egypt), as well as Iraq, and an Israeli civil airliner was attacked with missiles in Kenya. Civil defense in Israel deals with a variety of military and terrorist threats to the civilian population, which have included concealed bombs such as suicide bombings and car bombs, projectiles such as missiles, rockets and mortars, and hijacking of aircraft, buses and buildings. ![]()
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